Published in April 2018, updated in February 2020

Regional Perspectives: Pacific Islands Region - added in November 2019

Regional Perspectives: Eastern and Southern Africa - added in April 2020

 

 
  This module is a resource for lecturers  

 

References

 
  • Albanese, Jay S., ed. (2009). Combating Piracy: Intellectual Property Theft and Fraud. Transaction Publishers. 
  • Aronowitz, Alexis (2009). Human Trafficking, Human Misery: The Global Trade in Human Beings. Praeger.
  • Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission (2016). Illicit Firearms in Australia. Commonwealth of Australia.
  • Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal (1989). 1673 UNTS 126; 28 ILM 657.
  • Bate, Roger (2008). Making a Killing: The Deadly Implications of the Counterfeit Drug Trade. AEI Press.
  • Bisschop, L. (2012). Is It All Going to Waste? Illegal Transports of e-waste in a European Trade Hub. Crime Law and Social Change, vol. 58, 221-249.
  • Bogdanos, Matthew and William Patrick (2006). Thieves of Baghdad. Bloomsbury.
  • Bowman, Blythe A. (2008). Transnational Crimes against Culture: Looting at Archaeological Sites and the "Grey" Market in Antiquities. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, vol. 24, 225-42.
  • Charter, David (2009). Paintings Recovered in Sting After 22 Years. The Times (London), March 9, 33.
  • Chen, Tien-Hsi, Hsien-Cheh Chang; Kuang-Yang Lue (2009). Unregulated Trade in Turtle Shells for Chinese Traditional Medicine in East and Southeast Asia: The Case of Taiwan. Chelonian Conservation & Biology, vol. 8, 11-18.
  • Chin. Ko-lin (2009). The Golden Triangle: Inside Southwest Asia's Drug Trade. Cornell University Press. 
  • Coates, Michael and Pearson-Merkowitzz, Shanna (2017). Policy Spillover and Gun Migration: The Interstate Dynamics of State Gun Control Policies. Social Science Quarterly, vol. 98, 500-512.
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  • Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice (2011). Resolution 20/6. Countering fraudulent medicines, in particular their trafficking.Vienna: UNODC.
  • Coomber, Ross and Lisa Maher (2006). Street-Level Drug Market Activity in Sydney's Primary Heroin Markets: Organization, Adulteration Practices, Pricing, Marketing and Violence. Journal of Drug Issues, vol. 36, 719-53;
  • Council for Museums, Archives and Libraries (2003). Security in Museums, Archives and Libraries. A practical Guide. Resource.
  • Decker, Scott H. and Margaret Townsend Chapman (2008). Drug Smugglers on Drug Smuggling: Lessons from the Inside. Temple University Press.
  • Desroches, Frederick (2007). Research on Upper Level Drug Trafficking: A Review. Journal of Drug Issues, vol. 37, 827-844.
  • Farah, Douglas and Stephen Braun (2008). Merchant of Death: Money, Guns, Planes and the Man Who Makes War Possible. Wiley.
  • Heinonen, Justin A. John Spink, and Jeremy M Wilson (2017). When Crime Events Defy Classification: The case of product counterfeiting as white-collar crime. Security Journal, vol. 30, 621-639.
  • Heinrich, Sarah, Talia A. Wittmann, Thomas A.A. Prowse, Joshua V. Ross, Steven Delean, Chris R. Shepherd, Phillip Casseya (2016). Where Did All the Pangolins Go? International CITES Trade in Pangolin Species. Global Ecology and Conservation, vol. 8, 241-253.
  • Hepburn, Stephanie and Rita J. Simon (2013). Human Trafficking Around the World: Hidden in Plain Sight. Columbia University Press.
  • Hetzer, Wolfgang (2002). Godfathers and Pirates: Counterfeiting and Organized Crime. European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law & Criminal Justice, vol. 10, 303-320.
  • Hongfa, Xu and James Compton (2010). The State of Wildlife Trade in China. Traffic. 
  • Hughes, Donna M. (2004). The Role of Marriage Agencies in Sexual Exploitation and Trafficking of Women from the Former Soviet Union. International Review of Victimology, vol. 11, 49-71.
  • International Labour Organization (2003). Forced Labour: Time for Action. Geneva: ILO Programme to Combat Forced Labour.
  • International Labour Organization (2016). Fishers First: Good practices to end labour exploitation at sea. Geneva: ILO.
  • International Narcotics Control Board (2018), Narcotic Drugs , Vienna: UN.
  • International Organization for Migration (2005). Exploratory Assessment of Trafficking in Persons in the Caribbean Region. Washington, DC: IOM.
  • International Union for the Conservation of nature and National Resources (2016). African Elephant Status Report 2016. Gland: IUCN.
  • Interpol (2009). Electronic Waste and Organized Crime: Assessing the Links. Interpol.
  • Kara, Siddarth (2009). Sex Trafficking: Inside the Business of Modern Slavery. Columbia University Press.
  • Kennedy, Randy (2008). Where Are You Going with That Monet? The New York Times, February 17, 1.
  • Kleemans, E.R. (2017). Organized Crime and Places. In: G.J.N. Bruinsma & S.D. Johnson (eds.). Oxford Handbook of Environmental Criminology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Lambrechts, Derica and Michael Hector (2016). Environmental Organised Crime: The Dirty Business of Hazardous Waste Disposal and Limited State Capacity in Africa. South African Journal of Political Studies, vol. 43, 251-268.
  • Lane, David C., David G. Bromley, Robert D. Hicks, and John S. Mahoney (2008). Time Crime: The Transnational Organization of Art and Antiquities Theft. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, vol. 24, 243-62.
  • Lesko, Vera and Entela Avdulaj (2003). The Girls and the Trafficking. Vlora: The Hearth.
  • Manacorda, Stefano and Arianna Visconti (2014). Protecting Cultural Heritage as a Common Good for Humanity: A Challenge for Criminal Justice. Courmayeur: ISPAC.
  • McCalister, Andrew (2005). Organized Crime and the Theft of Iraqi Antiquities. Trends in Organized Crime, vol. 9, 24-37.
  • McClearn, Matthew (2008). Raiders of the Lost Conch. Canadian Business, vol. 81, April 8, 58.
  • McEwen, Andy and Straus, Lianne (2009). Counterfeit Tobacco in London: Local Crime Requires an International Solution. Trends in Organized Crime, vol. 12, 251-259.
  • Mackenzie, Simon (2009). Protection against Trafficking in Cultural Property: Background Paper. UN Expert Group on Protection against Trafficking in Cultural Property. Vienna: UNODC.
  • Naim, Moises (2006). Illicit. Doubleday. 
  • Naylor, R.T. (2008). The Underworld of Art. Crime, Law and Social Change, vol. 50, 263-91.
  • Peters, Gretchen (2009). Seeds of Terror. New York: Thomas Dunne Books.
  • Salton, Michael M. (2013). Starving the Dark Markets: International Injunctions as a Means to Curb Small Arms and Light Weapons Trafficking. Connecticut Law Review, vol. 46, 369-414.
  • Sanjeev Gupta, Hamid Davoodi and Rosa Alonso-Terme (2002). Does corruption affect income inequality and poverty? Governance, Corruption, & Economic Performance, eds., Chapter 17. IMF.
  • Small Arms Survey (2015). Small Arms Survey 2015. Cambridge University Press.
  • Schneider, Jacqueline L. (2008). Reducing the Illicit Trade in Endangered Wildlife: The Market Reduction Approach. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, vol. 24, 274-295.
  • Sorr, Steve (2009). Investigation Shines Light on Illegal New York Reptile Trade. Democrat and Chronicle (Rochester), March 20.
  • The Inter-Agency Coordination Group against Trafficking in Persons (ICAT) (2016). What is the difference between trafficking in persons and smuggling of migrants? Vienna: UNODC.
  • The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (2016). Organization for Global trade in fake goods worth nearly half a trillion dollars a year. OECD & EUIPO .
  • Transparency International (2011). Timber Trafficking and Laundering: An Anti-Corruption Approach.  Working Paper 07/2010. 28 February 2011.
  • UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property 1970.
  • United Nations Development Programme (2009). Human Development Report 2009 - Overcoming Barriers: Human Mobility and Development. UNDP.
  • United Nations Environmental Programme (2017). Waste Crime - Waste Risks: Gaps in Meeting the Global Waste Challenge. UNEP.
  • United Nations General Assembly (2016). Outcome Document of the 2016 UN General Assembly Special Session on the World Drug Problem. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI) / International Chamber of Commerce 'Business Action to Stop Counterfeiting and Piracy' (ICC BASCAP) (2013). Confiscation of the Proceeds of IP Crime: A Modern Tool for Deterring Counterfeiting and Piracy. UNICRI.
  • United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs (2014). The Arms Trade Treaty. New York: UNODA.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2004). United Nations Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocols Thereto. Vienna: UNODC. 
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2010). The Globalization of Crime: A Transnational Organized Crime Threat Assessment. Vienna: UNODC. 
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2011). In-depth training manual on investigating and prosecuting the smuggling of migrants. Vienna: UNODC
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2011). International Framework for Action to Implement the Smuggling of Migrants Protocol. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2012). Transnational Organized Crime in Central America and the Caribbean: A Threat Assessment. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2012). Wildlife and Forest Crime Analytical Toolkit. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2013). Corruption and the Smuggling of Migrants. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2013). Transnational Organized Crime in East Asia and the Pacific: A Threat Assessment. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2013). Transnational Organized Crime in Eastern Africa: A Threat Assessment. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2013). Transnational Organized Crime in West Africa: A Threat Assessment. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2014). Protecting the Future: Responding to Child Sex Offending in Southeast Asia. UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2015). Migrant Smuggling in Asia - Current Trends and Related Challenges. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2015). The Concept of "Exploitation" in the Trafficking in Persons Protocol. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2015). UNODC Study on Firearms. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2016). Global Report on Trafficking in Persons. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2016). Practical Assistance Tool to Assist in the Implementation of the International Guidelines for Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice Responses with Respect to Trafficking in Cultural Property and Other Related Offences. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2016). The Firearms Protocol and the Arms Trade Treaty: Divergence or Complementarity? Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2016). World Wildlife Crime Report. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, INTERPOL, UNESCO (2016). Protecting Cultural Heritage: An Imperative for Humanity. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2017). Evidential Issues in Trafficking in Persons Cases. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2017). Global Synthetic Drugs Assessment. Amphetamine-type stimulants and new psychoactive substances. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2017). Market Analysis of Synthetic Drugs: Amphetamine-type stimulants, new psychoactive substances. World Drug Report 2017. No. 4. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2017). The Drug Problem and Organized Crime, Illicit Financial Flows, Corruption and Terrorism. World Drug Report 2017. No. 5. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2017). World Drug Report 2017. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2018). Global Report on Trafficking in Persons. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2018). Global Study on Smuggling of Migrants. Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2018). What are NPS? Early Warning Advisory (EWA) on New Psychoactive Substances (NPS). Vienna: UNODC.
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2019). Combating Falsified Medical Product-related Crime. A Guide to Good Legislative Practices. Vienna: UNODC.  
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2019). World Drug Report. Vienna: UNODC.
  • U.S. Congress (2008). House Committee on Natural Resources. Poaching American Security: Impacts of Illegal Wildlife Trade. U.S. Government Printing Office.
  • U.S. Department of Justice (2008). Two Individuals Plead Guilty to Trafficking in More than Half a Million Tubes of Counterfeit Toothpaste. Office of Public Affairs.
  • U.S. Department of Justice (2008). French National Pleads Guilty to International Stolen Art Conspiracy Involving Paintings by Monet, Sisley, and Brueghel. Federal Bureau of Investigation, July 10.
  • U.S. Department of Justice (2009). Arrests Made in Operation Targeting Network Selling Stolen Native American Artifacts. Department of Justice, June 10.
  • Watson, Peter and Cecilia Todeschini (2007). The Medici Conspiracy: The Illicit Journey of Looted Antiquities from Italy's Tomb Raiders to the World's Greatest Museums. Public Affairs.
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  • World Health Organization (2010). Growing Threat from Counterfeit Medicines. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 88, 247-248.
  • World Health Organization, Members States Mechanism on Substandard/Spurious/Falsely-labelled/Falsified/Counterfeit Medical Products (2017). Working Definition Document approved by the Seventieth World Health Assembly. Geneva: UNWHO.
  • World Health Organization (2017).  A Study on the Public Health and Socioeconomic Impact of Substandard and Falsified Medical Products. Geneva: UNWHO.
  • Zaitch, Damian (2008). Trafficking Cocaine: Colombian Drug Entrepreneurs in the Netherlands. New York: Springer.
  • Xu Ling, Jing Guan, Wilson Lau and Yu Xiao (2016). An Overview of Pangolin Trade in China. Traffic Briefing.
 
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