• E4J University Module Series: Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice

• Module 12: Violence against Children

• Introduction and learning outcomes

• Key issues

  • Topic 1. The many forms of violence against children
  • Topic 2. The impact of violence on children
  • Topic 3. States obligations to prevent VAC and protect child victims
  • Topic 4. Improving the prevention of violence against children
  • Topic 5. Improving the criminal justice response to VAC
  • Topic 6. Addressing violence against children within the justice system
  • References

• Exercises

• Case studies

• Possible class structure

• Core reading

• Advanced reading

• Student assessment

• Additional teaching tools

• Guidelines to develop a stand-alone course

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• First published in June 2019
  

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   This module is a resource for lecturers   

 

References

 

• Bott, Sarah, Guedes, Alessandra, Goodwin, Mary, and Adams Mendoza, Jennifer (2012). Violence Against Women in Latin America and the Caribbean: A comparative analysis of population-based data from 12 countries . Washington D.C.: Pan American Health Organization.
• British Psychological Society (2015). Children and Young People with Neuro-Disabilities in the Criminal Justice System . London: British Psychological Society.
• Cashmore, J (2011). "The link between child maltreatment and adolescent offending: Systems of neglect of adolescents", Family Matters, no. 89, pp. 31-41.
• Committee on the Rights of the Child (2006). General Comment No. 8 on the right of the child to protection from corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment . CRC/C/GC/8.
• Committee on the Rights of the Child (2009). General Comment No. 12 on the rights of the child to be heard. CRC/C/GC/12
• Committee on the Rights of the Child (2011). General Comment No. 13 on the right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence . CRC/C/GC/13.
• Earls, Marian F (2018). Trauma-informed Primary Care: Prevention, recognition, and promoting resilience. North Carolina Medical Journal, vol. 79(2), 108-112.
• Felitti, Vincent J, Anda, Robert F, Nordenberg, Dale, Williamson, David F, Spitz, Alison M, Edwards, Valerie, Koss, Mary P, and Marks, James S (1998). Relationship of childhood abuse and household dysfunction to many of the leading causes of death in adults. The Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) Study. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, vol. 14(4), 245-248.
• INSPIRE (2016). Seven Strategies for Ending Violence against Children . Luxembourg: World Health Organization.
• INSPIRE (2016). Seven Strategies for Ending Violence against Children: Infographic. Luxembourg: World Health Organization.
• INSPIRE (2018). Inspire Handbook: Action for implementing the seven strategies for ending violence against children . Luxembourg: World Health Organization.
• International NGO Advisory Council on Violence against Children (2013). Creating a Non-Violent Juvenile Justice System . New York: International NGO Advisory Council on Violence against Children.
• Jones, Hayley and Pells, Kirrily (2016). Undermining Learning: Multi-Country Longitudinal Evidence on Corporal Punishment in Schools . Florence: UNICEF Research Office.
• Know Violence in Childhood (2017). Ending Violence in Childhood: Global Report . Know Violence in Childhood. New Delhi, p. 1.
• Livingstone, Sonia, Stoilova, Mariya, and Kelly, Anthoy (2016). Cyberbullying: incidence, trends and consequences. In United Nations SRSG, ed. Ending the torment: tackling bullying from the schoolyard to cyberspace , 115-122. New York: United Nations SRSG.
• Ogandon Portela, Maria Jose and Pells, Kirrily (2015). Corporal Punishment in Schools - Longitudinal Evidence from Ethiopia, India, Peru and Vietnam . Florence: UNICEF Research Office.
• Price-Robertson, Rhys, Higgins, Daryl, and Vassallo, Suznne (2013). " Multi-type maltreatment and polyvictimisation: A comparison of two research frameworks", Family Matters, No. 93, pp. 84-98. Melbourne: Australian Institute of Family Studies.
• Richardson, Dominic and Fen Hiu, Chii (2016). Global data on the bullying of school-aged children. In United Nations SRSG, ed. Ending the torment: tackling bullying from the schoolyard to cyberspace , 101-114. New York: United Nations SRSG.
• Ryan, Joseph P, Williams, Abigail B, Courtney, Mark E (2013). "Adolescent Neglect, Juvenile Delinquency and the Risk of Recidivism", Journal of Youth and Adolescence. Vol. 42, pp. 454-465.
• UNICEF (2012). Child Maltreatment: Prevalence, Incidence and Consequences in the East Asia and Pacific Region: A Systematic Review of Research . Bangkok: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2014). Hidden in Plain Sight. A statistical analysis of violence against children . New York: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2014a). A Statistical Snapshot of Violence against Adolescent Girls . New York: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2014b). Violence against Children in East Asia and the Pacific: A Regional Review and Synthesis of Findings . Bangkok: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2016). The State of the World's Children 2016: A fair chance for every child . New York: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2016a). Uprooted: The growing crisis for refugees and migrant children . New York: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2017). A Familiar Face: Violence in the lives of children and adolescents . New York: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2017a). Violence in Early Childhood: Regional framework for UNICEF in Latin America and the Caribbean . Panama: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2017b). The State of the World's Children 2017: Children in a digital world . New York: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2018). Violence in early years: a desk review for Latin America and the Caribbean . Panama: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2018a). An Everyday Lesson; #END violence in Schools . New York: UNICEF.
• UNICEF (2018b). Uprooted in Central America and Mexico; Migrant and refugee children face a vicious cycle of hardship and danger . Panama: UNICEF.
• UNICEF, UN Women, UNFPA, ILO, and SRSG on Violence against Children (2013). Breaking the Silence on Violence against Indigenous Girls, Adolescents and Young Women . UNFPA: New York.
• United Nations (2006). Report of the independent expert for the United Nations study on violence against children A/61/299. New York: United Nations.
• United Nations (2014). The United Nations Model Strategies and Practical Measures on the Elimination of Violence Against Children in the Field of Crime Prevention and Criminal justice - Economic and Social Council Resolution 2014/18. New York: United Nations.
• United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence against Children (SRSG) (2012). Prevention of and responses to violence against children within the juvenile justice system . New York: United Nations.
• United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence against Children (SRSG) (2014). Safeguarding the Rights of Girls in the Criminal Justice System . New York: United Nations.
• United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence against Children (SRSG) (2014a). Tackling Violence in Schools: A global perspective . New York: United Nations.
• United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence against Children (SRSG) (2014b). Releasing children's potential and minimizing risks ICTs, the Internet and violence against children . New York: United Nations.
• United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence against Children (SRSG) (2015). Protecting Children from Harmful Practices in Plural Legal Systems . New York: United Nations.
• United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence against Children (SRSG) (2016). Protecting Children Affected by Armed Violence in the Community . New York: United Nations.
• United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence against Children (SRSG) (2016a). Ending the torment: tackling bullying from the schoolyard to cyberspace . New York: United Nations.
• United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence against Children (SRSG) and the Special Rapporteur on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography (2016). Safe and Child-sensitive Counselling and Complaint Reporting to Address Violence against Children . New York: United Nations.
• UNODC (2016). Global Report on Trafficking in Persons 2016 . Vienna: UNODC.
• UNODC (2015). Study on the Effects of New Information Technologies on the Abuse and Exploitation of Children . Vienna: UNODC.
• UNODC (2015a). Introducing the United Nations Model Strategies and Practical Measures on the Elimination of Violence against Children in the Field of Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice . Vienna: UNODC.
• UNODC (2015b). Planning the Implementation of the United Nations Model Strategies and Practical Measures on the Elimination of Violence against Children in the Field of Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice: A Checklist . Vienna: UNODC.
• UNODC (2017). Handbook on Children Recruited and Exploited by Terrorist and Violent Extremist Groups . Vienna: UNODC.
• UNODC (2018). Global Study on Homicide. Vienna: UNODC.
• Williams, Huw (2012). Repairing Shattered Lives: Brain Injury and its implications for criminal justice . Exeter: University of Exeter.

 

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