• E4J University Module Series: Counter-Terrorism

• Module 10: Arrest and Detention

• Introduction and learning outcomes

• Key issues

• • International legal framework
  • International human rights instruments
  • Regional human rights instruments
  • Key contemporary issues

• Exercises and case studies

• Possible class structure

• Core reading

• Advanced reading

• Student assessment

• Additional teaching tools

• References

 

Published in July 2018.

 

 

  This module is a resource for lecturers  

 

References

 

Books

• Henckaerts, Jean-Marie, and Louise Doswald-Beck eds. (2005). Customary International Humanitarian Law, Volume I: Rules . Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

 

Cases

• African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights (ACommHPR)
• • World Organization against Torture, Lawyers' Committee for Human Rights, Jehovah Witnesses, Inter-African Union for Human Rights v. Zaire , Communication no. 25/89, 47/90, 56/91, 100/93, March 1996.
  • Organisation Mondiale Contre La Torture v. Rwanda , Communication Nos. 27/89, 46/91, 49/91, and 99/93. October.
  • Constitutional Rights Project v. Nigeria , Communication no. 102/93, 31 October 1998.
  • International PEN, Constitutional Rights Project, Civil Liberties Organisation and Interights (on behalf of Ken Saro-Wiwa Jnr.) v. Nigeria , Communication nos. 137/94, 139/94, 154/96, 161/97. 1998/1999.
  • Constitutional Rights Project and Civil Liberties Organization v. Nigeria , Communication no. 143/95-150/96, 5 November 1999.
  • Amnesty International, Comite Loosli Bachelard, Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, Association of Members of the Episcopal Conference of East Africa v. Sudan , Communication nos. 48/90-50/91-52/91-89/93, 15 November 1999.
  • Sir Dawda K Jawara v. The Gambia , Communication nos. 147/95 and 149/96, 11 May 2000.
  • Kazeem Aminu v. Nigeria , Communication no. 205/97, 11 May 2000.
  • Media Rights Agenda (on behalf of Niran Malaolu) v. Nigeria , Communication no. 224/98, 23 October 2000.
• European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)
• • Ireland v. the United Kingdom (Application no. 5310/71), Judgment of18 January 1978, Series A, no. 25.
  • De Jong, Baljet and van den Brink v. The Netherlands (Application no. 8805/79, 8806/79 and 9242/81), Judgment of 22 May 1984.
  • Brogan and Others v. United Kingdom (Application nos. 11209/84, 11234/84, 11266/84, 11386/85), Judgment of 29 November 1988, Series A, No. 145-B.
  • Fox Campbell and Hartley v. United Kingdom ( Application nos. 12244/86, 12245/86, and 12383/86), Judgment of 30 August 1990.
  • Ribitsch v. Austria (Application no. 18896/91), Judgment of4 December 1995, Series A, no. 336.
  • Amuur v. France (Application no. 19776/92), Judgment of 25 June 1996, EHRR 22.
  • Steel and Others. v. UK (67/1997/851/1058), Judgment of 23 September 1998, Reports 1998 VII.
  • TW v. Malta (Application no. 25644/94), Judgment of 29 April 1999.
  • Cakici v. Turkey (Application no. 23657/94), Judgment of 8 July 1999, Reports 1999 IV.
  • Selmouni v. France (Application No. 25803/94), Judgment of 28 July 1999.
  • A. and Others v. the United Kingdom (Application no. 3455/05), Judgment of 19 February 2009.
  • M.S. v. Belgium (Application no. 50012/08), Judgment of 31 January 2012.
  • Sher and Others v. UK ( Application no. 5201/11), Judgment of 20 October 2015.

• Inter-American Court of Human Rights (IACtHR)
  • Guzzardi v. Italy (Merits, just satisfaction) (Application No 7367/76), Judgment of 6 November 1980, A/39 [1980] ECHR 5, (1981) 3 EHRR 333, IHRL 27.
  • Gangaram Panday v. Suriname , Judgment of 21 January 1994, OAS/Ser.L/V/III.31 doc. 9, Annual Report of the IACtHR (1994) 32.
  • Loayza-Tamayo v. Peru (Merits). Judgment of17 September 1997, Series C, no. 33.
  • Juan Humberto Sanchez, v. Honduras (Preliminary Objections, Merits, Reparations and Costs), Judgment of 7 June 2003, Series C, no. 99.
  • Bulacio v. Argentina (Merits, Reparations and Costs), Judgment of 18 September 2003, IACtHR, Series C, no. 100.
  • Palamara Iribarne v. Chile (Merits, Reparations and Costs), Judgment of 22 November 2005, Series C, no. 118.
  • Servell ón-García et al v. Honduras (Merits Reparations and Costs), Judgment of 21 September 2006, Series C, no. 152.
  • Chaparro Álvarez and Lapo Íñiguez v. Ecuador ( Preliminary Objection, merits, reparations and costs), Judgment of 21 November 2007, Series C, no. 170.
  • Yvon Neptune v. Haiti (Merits, Reparations and Costs), Judgment of 6 May 2008, Series C, no. 180.

• International Court of Justice (ICJ)
  
  • Ahmadou Sadio Diallo (Republic of Guinea v. Democratic Republic of the Congo) , Judgment of 30 November 2010 , I.C.J. Reports 2010, p. 639.

 

Conventions

• The Geneva Conventions . 12 August 1949, Treaty Series, vol. 75, p. 31, p. 85, p. 135 and p. 287.
• European Convention on Human Rights . Adopted 4 November 1950, entered into force 3 September 1953.
• Convention relating to the Status of Refugees . Geneva, 28 July 1951, Treaty Series , vol. 189, p. 137.
• Vienna Convention on Consular Relations . Vienna, 24 April 1963, Treaty Series, vol. 596, p. 261.
• International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights . New York, 16 December 1966, Treaty Series, vol. 999, p. 171 and vol. 1057, p. 407.
• Protocol relating to the Status of Refugees . New York, 31 January 1967, Treaty Series, vol. 606, p. 267.
• American Convention on Human Rights . Adopted 22 November 1969, entered into force 18 July 1978.
• Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I) . Treaty Series, vol. 1125, no. 17512,8 June 1977.
• Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II) . Treaty Series, vol. 1125, no. 17513, 8 June 1977.
• African Charter on Human and People's Rights . Adopted 1 June 1981, entered into force 21 October 1986.
• Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment . New York, 10 December 1984, Treaty Series, vol. 1465, p. 85.
• Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam . Adopted 5 August 1990.
• Asian Human Rights Charter . Adopted 17 May 1998.
• Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment . New York, 18 December 2002, Treaty Series, vol. 2375, p. 237.
• International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance . New York, 20 December 2006, Treaty Series, vol. 2716, p.3.
• Arab Charter on Human Rights 2004. Adopted 22 May 2004, entered into force 15 March 2008.
• ASEAN Human Rights Declaration . Adopted 18 November 2012.

 

Domestic legislation

• The Philippines: Republic Act No. 9372, An Act to Secure the State and Protect our People from Terrorism (Human Security Act of 2007).

 

Journal / online articles

• International Committee of the Red Cross
  • (2005). " Procedural principles and safeguards for internment/ administrative detention in armed conflict and other situations of violence." International Review of the Red Cross, vol. 87, no. 858.
  • (2014). " Internment in Armed Conflict: Basic Rules and Challenges." Opinion Paper,November.
• Oswald, Bruce, and Thomas Winkler (2012). " Copenhagen Process Principles and Guidelines on the Handling Detainees in International Military Operations." Insights , vol. 16, issue 39.

 

Reports, commentaries and guidelines

• ACommHPR. Principles and Guidelines on the Right to a Fair Trial and Legal Assistance in Africa . DOC/OS(XXX)247.
• Centre for Human Rights, University of Pretoria. African Human Rights Law Reports .
• International Commission of Jurists (2009). Assessing Damage, Urging Action: Report of the Eminent Jurists Panel on Terrorism, Counter-terrorism and Human Rights. Geneva.
• Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACommHR)
  • (2002). Report on Terrorism and Human Rights . 22 October. OEA/Ser.L/V/II.116, Doc. 5 rev. 1 corr, 2003.
  • (2008(a)). Principles and Best Practices on the Protection of Persons Deprived of Liberty in the Americas (Approved by the Commission during its 131st regular period of sessions, held from March 3-14, 2008) .
  •  (2008(b)). Resolution 03/08: Human rights of Migrants, International Standards and the Return Directive of the EU . 25 July.

• International Committee of the Red Cross (2003). " International Humanitarian Law and the Challenges of Contemporary Armed Conflicts." 30 ^th International Conference of the Red Cross and Red Crescent. November, Geneva.
• United Nations, Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights, in cooperation with the International Bar Association (OHCHR/IBA) (2003). Human Rights in the Administration of Justice: A Manual on Human Rights for Judges, Prosecutors and Lawyers . New York and Geneva: United Nations.
• Sandoz, Yves, Christophe Swinarski, and Bruno Zimmermann eds. (1987). Commentary on the Additional Protocols of 8 June 1977 to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 . The Netherlands: International Committee of the Red Cross.

 

United Nations materials

• The Universal Declaration of Human Rights . 10 December 1948.
• United Nations, Committee Against Torture (2012). Concluding Observations: Cuba . 25 June. CAT/C/CUB/CO/2.
• United Nations, Economic and Social Council, Commission on Human Rights
  • (1991). Question of arbitrary detention . 5 March. E/CN.4/RES/1991/42.
  • (1994). Question of the Human Rights of All Persons Subjected to any Form of Detention or Imprisonment. Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention . 21 December. E/CN.4/1995/31.
  • (1997). Question of arbitrary detention . 15 April. E/CN.4/1997/50.
  • (2003). Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention . 15 December. E/CN.4/2004/3.
  • (2006). Situation of detainees at Guantánamo Bay . 27 February. E/CN.4/2006/120.

• United Nations, General Assembly (1979). Code of Conduct for Law Enforcement Officials . 17 December. A/RES/34/169.

• United Nations, General Assembly, Human Rights Council
  • (2007). Report of the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances - Mission to Guatemala . 20 February. A/HRC/4/41/Add.1.
  • (2008). Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention . 10 January. A/HRC/7/4
  • (2011(a)). Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention . 19 January. A/HRC/16/47.
  • (2011(b)). Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention . 26 December. A/HRC/19/57.
  • (2012(a)). Abbad Ahmed Sameer v. Yemen, Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Opinion No. 19/2012. 22 November. A/HRC/WGAD/2012/19.
  • (2012(b)). Mr. Hugo Sánchez Ramírez v. Mexico, Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Opinion No. 33/2012. 23 November. A/HRC/WGAD/2012/33.
  • (2012(c)). Rabie Mohamed Abdelmaksoud et al. v. Saudi Arabia, Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Opinion No. 22/2012. 23 November. U.N. Doc. A/HRC/WGAD/2012/22.
  • (2012(d )). Gunasundaram Jayasundaram v. Sri Lanka, Working Group on Arbitrary Detention, Opinion No. 38/2012. 26 November. A/HRC/WGAD/2012/38.
  • (2012(e)). Deliberation No. 9 concerning the definition and scope of arbitrary deprivation of liberty under customary international law. Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention . 24 December. A/HRC/22/44.
  • (2016). Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention . 11 July. A/HRC/33/50.
  • (2017(a)). Methods of work of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention . 13 July. A/HRC/36/38.
  • (2017(b)). Report of the Working Group on Arbitrary Detention . 19 July. A/HRC/36/37.

• United Nations, Human Rights Committee
  • (1990). Torres v. Finland, Communication no. 291/1988. 2 April. CCPR/C/38/D/291/1988.
  • (1992). Campbell v. Jamaica, Communications no. 248/1987. 30 March. CCPR/C/44/D/248/1987.
  • (1994(a)). Vladimir Kulomin v. Hungary , Communication no. 521/1992. 16 March. CCPR/C/50/D/521/1992.
  • (1994(b)). Berry v. Jamaica (Merits), Communication no. 330/1988. 26 April. CCPR/C/50/D/330/1988.
  • (1994(c)). Mukong v. Cameroon. Communication no. 458/1991. 10 August. CCPR/C/51/D/458/1991.
  • (1997(a)) . A. v. Australia, Communication no. 560/1993. 30 April. CCPR/C/59/D/560/1993.
  • (1997(b)). McLawrence v Jamaica . Communication No. 702/1996. 18 July.A/52/40.
  • (1997(c)). Concluding Observations: India . 4 August. CCPR/C/79/Add.81.
  • (1998). Concluding Observations: Israel . 18 August. CCPR/C/79/Add.93.
  • (2000(a)). Gridin v Russian Federation . Communication No. 770/1997. 20 July. A/55/40.
  • (2000(b)). Concluding Observations: Trinidad and Tobago . 3 November. CCPR/CO/70/TTO.
  • (2002). Borisenko v. Hungary,Communication no. 852/1999. 6 December. CCPR/C/76/D/852/1999.
  • (2003). Concluding observations: Sri Lanka . 1 December. CCPR/CO/79/LKA.
  • (2004(a)). Mansour Ahani v. Canada, Communication no. 1051/2002 . 29 March. CCPR/C/80/D/1051/2002.
  • (2004(b)). Mulezi v. Democratic Republic of the Congo, Communication no . 962/2001. 8 July. CCPR/C/81/D/962/2001.
  • (2005). Marques de Morais v. Angola, Communication no. 1128/2002. 18 April. CCPR/C/83/D/1128/2002.
  • (2006). Concluding observations: Bosnia and Herzegovina . 22 November. CCPR/C/BIH/CO/1.
  • (2008). Concluding Observations: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland . 21 July. CCPR/C/GBR/CO/6.
  • (2014). General comment No. 35: Article 9 (Liberty and security of person). 16 December. CCPR/C/GC/35.

• United Nations, Office of the High Commission for Human Rights (2000). Fact Sheet No. 26, The Working Group on Arbitrary Detention . May, No. 26.
• United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC)
  • (2014). Counter-Terrorism Legal Training Curriculum Module 4: Human Rights and Criminal Justice Responses to Terrorism . New York: United Nations.
  • (2017). Kenya: Human Rights and Criminal Justice Responses to Terrorism . New York: United Nations.
• United Nations, Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture (2009). Report on the visit of the Sub-Committee on Prevention of Torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment to the Maldives . 26 February. CAT/OP/MDV/1.

 

Websites

• International Committee of the Red Cross. Treaties, States Parties and Commentaries: Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 and relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II), 8 June 1977 .

 

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