• E4J University Module Series: Firearms

• Module 8: Criminal Justice Response

• Introduction and learning outcomes

• Key issues

  • International and national legal framework
  • Firearms related offences
  • Role of law enforcement
  • Firearms as evidence
  • Use of special investigative techniques
  • International cooperation and information exchange
  • Prosecution and adjudication of firearms trafficking
  • Summary
  • References

• Exercises

• Possible class structure

• Core reading

• Advanced reading

• Student assessment

• Additional teaching tools

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• First published in April 2020
  

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   This module is a resource for lecturers   

References

• Afilipoaie, Alois and Patrick Shortis (2015). GDPO Situation Analysis, Operation Onymous: International law enforcement agencies target the Dark Net in November 2014, Swansea: Global Drug Policy Observatory/Swansea University.
• Bunch, Stephen, Erich Smith, Brandon Giroux and Douglas Murphy (2009). ‘Is a Match Really a Match? A Primer on the Procedures and Validity of Firearm and Toolmark Identification’. Forensic Science Communications, Vol. 11, Number 3.
• Ferraris, Valeria, Francesca Bosco, Gennaro Cafiero, Elena D'Angelo and Y. Suloyeva (2013). Defining Profiling. Turin: United Nations Interregional Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI).
• Hellenbach, Mike, Sue Elliott, F. Jeane Gerard, Becky Crookes, Thanos Stamos, Helen Poole and Erica Bowen (2017). ‘The Detection and Policing of Gun Crime: Challenges to the Effective Policing of Gun Crime in Europe’. European Journal of Criminology, Vol. 15, Number 2, 172-196.
• INTERPOL (2011). INTERPOL Firearms Reference Table. Lyon: INTERPOL.
• INTERPOL (2018a). Firearms Trafficking. Lyon: INTERPOL.
• INTERPOL (2018b). INTERPOL Ballistic Information Network (IBIN). Lyon: INTERPOL.
• INTERPOL (2018c). INTERPOL Illicit Arms Records and tracing Management System (iARMS). Lyon: INTERPOL.
• INTERPOL (2018d). Forestry Law Enforcement Manual - Crime Scene Exploitation for Firearms and Ballistics - Guide to evidence collection and management. Lyon: INTERPOL.
• Nakamitsu, I. (2017). Small Arms and Light Weapons. Report of the Secretary-General.
• Parker, Sarah (2011). ‘Balancing Act: Regulation of Civilian Firearms Possession’. Small Arms Survey 2011: States of Security. Geneva: Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies.
• Savona, Ernesto and Marina Mancuso (eds) (2017). Fighting Illicit Firearms Trafficking Routes and Actors at European Level. Final Report of Project FIRE (www.fireproject.eu), Milano: Transcrime – Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore ©.
• Small Arms Survey (n.d.). The Weapons ID Database. Geneva: Small Arms Survey.
• Sharing Electronic Resources and Laws on Crime (SHERLOC) (2019a). Causa TC-038-6/12. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• Sharing Electronic Resources and Laws on Crime (SHERLOC) (2019b). R v Hersi. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• Sharing Electronic Resources and Laws on Crime (SHERLOC) (2019c). Operation Onymous. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• United Nations (1990). Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors. New York: United Nations.
• United Nations (2000). United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime, (UNTOC). New York: United Nations.
• UNODC (2004). United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime and the Protocols Thereto. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2009). Crime Scene and Physical Evidence Awareness for non-forensic Personnel. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2010). The Globalization of Crime: A Transnational Organized Crime Threat Assessment, Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2011). Model Law against the Illicit Manufacturing of and Trafficking in Firearms, their Parts and Components and Ammunition. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2012). Digest of Organized Crime Cases: A compilation of cases with commentaries and lessons learned. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2014). The Status and Role of Prosecutors: A United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime and International Association of Prosecutors Guide. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2015). Country Fact Sheets: Summary Data from Country Responses on Firearms Seizures and Trafficking. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2016). Comparative Analysis of Global Instruments on Firearms and Other Conventional Arms: Synergies for Implementation. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2016). The Firearms Protocol and the Arms Trade Treaty: Divergence or Complementarity? Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2018a). Criminal Justice Response. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2018b). The Legal Framework. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.
• UNODC (2018c). UNODC Tools and Publications Relevant to the Sustainable Development Goals. Vienna: United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime.

Next: Exercises

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