• E4J University Module Series: Wildlife Crime

• Module 5: Sustainable livelihoods and community engagement
  

• Introduction and learning outcomes

• Key issues

  • Terminology
  • Background: Communities and conservation: A history of disenfranchisement
  • Incentives for communities to get involved in illegal wildlife trafficking: the cost of conservation
  • Incentives to participate in illegal wildlife, logging and fishing economies
  • Impact of enforcement-based approaches to wildlife trafficking on IPLCs
  • International and regional responses that fight wildlife trafficking while supporting IPLCs
  • Mechanisms for incentivizing community conservation and reducing wildlife trafficking
  • Critiques of community engagement
  • Other challenges posed by wildlife trafficking that affect local populations
  • References

• Exercises

• Possible class structure

• Additional teaching tools

 

Published in January 2022

 

 

  This module is a resource for lecturers  

 

Additional teaching tools

 

This section includes links to relevant teaching aides such as video material, websites and online resources, that could help the lecturer teach the issues covered by the Module. Lecturers can adapt the resources to their needs.

General

• People Not Poaching on-line case studies database
• International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Beyond enforcement initiative
• IUCN FLoD initiative
• International Institute for Environment and Development, Community-based approaches to tackling poaching and illegal wildlife trade (webinar)
• Community Conservation Network
• Convivial conservation
• The ‘convivial conservation’ model is being developed by a consortium of researchers led by Büscher and Fletcher (2019). Convivial conservation provides a valuable critique of existing conservation paradigms, policies and practices. It offers an alternative approach based on the root causes of wildlife trafficking and integrating local knowledge. Convivial conservation is a context-focused model that challenges colonial and market-based approaches. The focus is on building long-lasting, engaging and open-ended relationships with nonhumans and ecologies. Accordingly, the solution to protecting nature’s value is to build an integrated (economic, social, political, ecological, cultural) value system that does not depend on systemic destruction of but on ‘living with’ nonhuman nature (and on ‘living with’ the unpredictability of safety/unsafety). This on-line video provides an overview of the approach.

 

Wildlife crime

• BIOSEC video clips on specific themes (no 1 on militarization and no 2 on wildlife crime)
• The poachers pipeline: An al-Jazeera investigation
• Sides of a Horn
• Ending wildlife trafficking: Local communities as change agents
• IIED communities and wildlife crime – various resources
• IIED training resources for community conservation wardens - focused on Uganda but widely applicable
• When lambs become lions

 

Forestry crime

• UNODC, Environmental Crime – The Trafficking of Wildlife and Timber

 

Fisheries crime

• Murky waters: Inside Congo’s shark trade
• Artisanal shark fin trade in the Republic of Congo
• Empty shells: Inside the illegal abalone trade
• Empty shells: An assessment of abalone poaching and trade from Southern Africa

 

Community progamming

• Wild Tomorrow Fund
• Guardians of Turtles
• Trading with Lives: A film on illegal turtle trade and disease
• Short documentaries by the Community Conservation Research Network on communities engaging in conservation to support sustainable livelihoods
• The last free rhinos series on wild free-ranging rhinos in Namibia’s Kunene region and their protectors

 

Sustainable use

• Namibian community members discuss trophy hunting in Into the Wild podcast - see Apple podcast or Spotify
• The Bugun and the Liocichla

 

Rhino impact bonds

• UNDP Ecosystems & Biodiversity, Results for Rhinos

 

Related Education for Justice (E4J) topics

 

Integrity and ethics

• Module 2: Ethics and universal values
• Module 6: Challenges to ethical living
• Module 9: Gender dimensions of ethics

 

Organized crime

• Module 3: Organized crime markets

 

Wildlife crime

• Module 1: Illicit markets for wildlife products
• Module 2: International frameworks for combating wildlife trafficking
• Module 3: Criminal justice responses to wildlife trafficking
• Module 4: Illegal exploitation of wild flora

 

Crime prevention and criminal justice

• Module 2: Crime prevention
• Module 7: Alternatives to imprisonment
• Module 8: Restorative justice

 

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