Strengthening Border Security and Rule of Law in South-Eastern Europe: Launch of Phase
II of the EU-UNODC Joint Action
04-05 December 2024, Tirana, Albania
The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), in partnership with the World Customs Organization (WCO) and with the support of the European Union (EU), has launched Phase II of the EU-UNODC joint action promoting rule of law and good governance through targeted border control measures at ports and airports in South-Eastern Europe (specifically in the following jurisdictions: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo[1], Montenegro, North Macedonia and Serbia). The Program Steering Committee (PSC) convened its inaugural regional meeting in Tirana, setting the stage for the continuation of coordinated efforts to enhance border security and address transnational organized crime in the region.
A Unified Response to Organized Crime
Under Phase II (2024-2027), the EU continues supporting strengthened border management, regional cooperation, and enhanced capacities to combat organized crime, advancing the region’s EU accession priorities. As a continuation of Phase I (2020-2024), this new phase will also be implemented by the UNODC Global Passenger and Cargo Control Programme (PCCP) with key direct operational and administrative support from the UNODC Regional Office for South-Eastern Europe and the Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling Section. Phase I strengthened the capacities of customs and border authorities in the region, leading to remarkable operational results. Over 520 significant seizures of illicit goods—including drugs, firearms, counterfeit medical products, and falsified documents—demonstrated the program’s effectiveness. Additionally, over 2,300 officers received specialized training to address border security challenges.
The launch event brought together high-level ministerial representatives, including Deputy Minister of the Interior of Albania, H.E. Mr. Besfort Lamallari and General Director of Customs of Albania, Mr. Genti Gazheli, as well as senior officials from the Customs Administrations, Ministries of Interior, Border police and other authorities from all jurisdictions of the region. The UN Resident Coordinator in Albania, Ms. Fiona McCluney; and Mr. Michael Doherty from the European Commission’s Directorate-General for Neighborhood and Enlargement Negotiations (DG NEAR) also shared opening remarks. Speakers emphasized the importance of regional and international cooperation to address the region’s role as both a hub and a transit point for organized crime, including drug trafficking and human smuggling.
Speaking at the opening, Mr. Lamallari emphasized the importance of this initiative in combating organized crime and transnational threats. “This meeting signifies an important moment in our joint efforts under the EU-UNODC Joint Action. By focusing on targeted border control measures at ports and airports, we are taking critical steps to strengthen security, enhance regional cooperation, and combat challenges such as organized crime, human trafficking, illicit drug trafficking and smuggling of goods” he stated.
Advancing Regional Cooperation and Capacity Building
The meeting also acknowledged the role of the UNODC in addressing broader regional challenges, including alignment with Chapters 23 and 24 of the EU acquis on rule of law and fundamental rights. “This action ensures coordinated responses to transnational threats, enhancing security in the Western Balkans and beyond,” noted the Resident Coordinator in Albania.
“Phase II aims to build on the successes of the first phase by further enhancing border management capacities, integrating new technologies, and addressing emerging security threats such as synthetic drugs and cyber-enabled crimes” said Mr. Danilo Rizzi, UNODC Regional Representative for South-Eastern Europe.
The European Commission reaffirmed its commitment to supporting reforms in the region, with a focus on strengthening law enforcement and judicial cooperation. “Enlargement policy remains the main vehicle for bringing lasting peace and stability in the Western Balkans” said Mr. Doherty, highlighting the region’s progress on its path toward EU accession. It is key to note the dedicated support of the European Union, through DG-NEAR, to the sustainability of Phase I efforts and its willingness to continue building on its achievements through a Phase II.
The WCO, represented by Mr. Gilles Thomas, underscored the importance of an interagency approach in combating customs fraud and transnational organized crime. “Customs fraud and threats to security are complex issues that undermine the economy, security, and credibility of our institutions. It impairs sustainable development efforts and hinders regional integration” Mr. Thomas noted.
The way forward
Phase II will focus on enhancing cross-border cooperation and strengthening partnerships with neighboring regions. The program’s key objectives include fostering regional networks of competent authorities, supporting the integration of innovative technologies, and developing proactive measures to address emerging threats. Gender mainstreaming will also be a strong focus on the intervention.
During the meeting, representatives from jurisdictions involved in Phase I highlighted key achievements from the initial phase and outlined their expectations for Phase II. They emphasized the importance of cooperation, effective communication, and collaborative efforts as essential strategies for advancing the fight against organized crime. "Only through sustainable partnerships and shared efforts can we achieve safer borders, stronger governance, and a brighter future for all of us" noted the General Director of Customs of Albania, Mr. Gazheli during his closing remarks of the meeting.
The meeting concluded with a strong commitment from all partners to continue their collaboration in advancing border security, fostering the rule of law, and promoting good governance across the region, the six jurisdictions adopted the Outcome Document as the first direct result of the meeting.
[1] All references to Kosovo should be understood in the context of the UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999).
